Kwete izvi hazvizove zvinofinha, kutendeseka-kunyanya kana iwe uchida zvinhu zverabha zvakatambanudzwa. Kana iwe ukaverenga uchienda, iwe unowana chingangoita zvese zvawaimboda kuziva nezve Imwe-Chikamu Silicone Sealants.
1) Zvavari
2) Magadzirirwo avo
3) Kwekuzvishandisa
Nhanganyaya
Chii chinonzi chimwe-chikamu silicone sealant?
Kune akawanda marudzi emakemikari anorapa sealants-Silicone, Polyurethane uye Polysulfide ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa. Zita rinobva kumusana wemamorekuru anobatanidzwa.
Iyo silicone musana ndeye:
Si – O – Si – O – Si – O – Si
Modified silicone tekinoroji nyowani (muUS zvirinani) uye inoreva organic musana wakarapwa ne silane chemistry. Muenzaniso ndeye alkoxysilane terminated polypropylene oxide.
Ese aya makemikari anogona kunge ari chikamu chimwe kana maviri chikamu icho chiri pachena chine hukama nehuwandu hwezvikamu zvaunoda kuti chinhu chacho chirape. Naizvozvo, chikamu chimwe chinongoreva kuvhura chubhu, katuriji kana pairi uye zvinhu zvako zvinopora. Kazhinji, aya ane-chikamu masisitimu anoita nekunyorova kwemhepo kuti ave rabha.
Saka, imwe-chikamu silicone igadziriro inogadzikana muchubhu kusvikira, pakusangana nemhepo, inoporesa kugadzira silicone rabha.
Zvakanakira
Chimwe chikamu silicones chine akawanda akasiyana mabhenefiti.
-Kana yakasanganiswa nemazvo iyo yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika ine yakanakisa adhesion uye yemuviri zvinhu. Hupenyu hwesherufu (nguva yaunogona kuisiya muchubhu usati waishandisa) yerinenge gore rimwe chete yakajairika uye mamwe magadzirirwo anogara kwemakore mazhinji. Silicones zvakare ine pasina mubvunzo yakanakisa kuita kwenguva refu. Zvimiro zvavo zvemuviri haatombo chinja nekufamba kwenguva pasina mhedzisiro kubva pakuratidzwa kweUV uye, nekuwedzera, vanoratidza kugadzikana kwekushisa kunodarika kwezvimwe zvisimbiso neinosvika 50 ℃.
-Chimwe chikamu silicones chinorapa nekukurumidza, kazhinji kugadzira ganda mukati me5 kusvika 10 maminetsi, kuva tack mahara mukati meawa imwe uye kurapa kune elastic rabha inenge 1/10 inch yakadzika isingasviki zuva. Iyo yepamusoro ine yakanaka rubbery inonzwa.
-Sezvo vanogona kugadzirwa translucent iyo inokosha chinhu pachayo (translucent ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa ruvara), zviri nyore kuita pigment kune chero ruvara.
Kuganhurirwa
Silicones ine mipimo mikuru miviri.
1) Iwo haagone kupendwa nependi yemvura-inogona kuve inonyengerera ine solvent base pendi futi.
2) Mushure mekuporesa, chisimbiso chinogona kusunungura imwe yayo silicone plasticizer iyo, kana ichishandiswa mujoint yekuwedzera chivako, inogona kugadzira mavara asina kunaka pamucheto wejoini.
Ehe, nekuda kwehunhu hwekuve chikamu chimwe hazvibviri kuwana kukurumidza kudzika chikamu kuburikidza nekurapa nekuti iyo system inofanirwa kuita nemhepo saka kurapa kubva kumusoro zvichidzika. Kuwana zvakati wandei, silicones haigone kushandiswa sechisimbiso chega mumagirazi egirazi mahwindo nekuti. Kunyangwe iwo ari shasha pakuchengeta mvura yakawanda yemvura kunze, mhute yemvura inopfuura zviri nyore kuburikidza neyakarapwa silicone rabha ichikonzera kuti maIG mayuniti aite mhute.
Nzvimbo dzeMusika uye Zvishandiso
Imwe-chikamu silicones inoshandiswa chero chero kupi uye kwese, kusanganisira, kuodza mwoyo kwevamwe varidzi vezvivakwa, uko izvo zvipingamupinyi zviviri zvataurwa pamusoro apa zvinokonzeresa matambudziko.
Kuvaka uye misika yeDIY inoverengera vhoriyamu huru inoteverwa nemotokari, maindasitiri, zvemagetsi uye aerospace. Sezvinoita zvese zvisimbiso, chimwe chikamu chikuru chesilicones 'basa rekunamatira uye kuzadza gap pakati pemaviri akafanana kana akasiyana ma substrates kudzivirira mvura kana dhizaini kuuya. Dzimwe nguva chigadziriso hachizombosandurwa kunze kwekuita kuti chiwedzere kuyerera pacho chabva chave chekuputira. Nzira yakanakisisa yekusiyanisa pakati pekuvhara, kunamatira uye sealant iri nyore. Sealant inonamira pakati penzvimbo mbiri nepo yekuvharisa ichivhara uye inodzivirira imwe chete nepo chinonamira chichichengeta zvakanyanya nzvimbo mbiri pamwechete. Chisimbiso chakanyanya kufanana nechinamira kana ichishandiswa mukugadzira glazing kana insulated glazing, zvisinei, ichiri kushanda kusimbisa ma substrates maviri mukuwedzera pakuachengeta pamwechete.
Basic Chemistry
Iyo silicone sealant mune isina kupora inotaridzika senge gobvu paste kana kirimu. Pakusangana nemhepo, mapoka ekupedzisira e-silicone polymer hydrolyze (anopindirana nemvura) obva abatana, achibudisa mvura uye achigadzira cheni refu dzepolymer dzinoramba dzichibatana kusvikira pakupedzisira paste yashanduka kuva rabha inoshamisa. Iro boka rinoshanda riri pamagumo esilicone polymer rinobva kune inonyanya kukosha chikamu chekugadzirisa (kunze kwepolymer pachayo) iyo inonzi crosslinker. Ndiyo crosslinker inopa sealant hunhu hwayo ingave yakananga sekunhuwa uye chiyero chekurapa, kana zvisina kunanga seruvara, adhesion, nezvimwe nekuda kwezvimwe zviwanikwa zvinogona kushandiswa neakananga crosslinker masisitimu senge mafiller uye adhesion promotors. . Kusarudza iyo chaiyo crosslinker ndiyo yakakosha pakuona yekupedzisira zvivakwa zvechisimbiso.
Kurapa Mhando
Kune akati wandei akasiyana ekurapa masisitimu.
1) Acetoxy (acidic vhiniga kunhuwa)
2) Oxime
3) Alkoxy
4) Benzamide
5) Amine
6) Aminoxy
Oximes, alkoxies uye benzamides (anonyanya kushandiswa muEurope) ndiwo anonzi matsigiri kana asina acidic masisitimu. Iyo amines uye aminoxy masisitimu ane kunhuhwirira kweammonia uye anowanzo shandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzemotokari uye maindasitiri kana chaiwo ekunze ekuvaka kunyorera.
Raw Materials
Magadzirirwo anosanganisira akati wandei akasiyana mazvikamu, mamwe acho ari ekusarudza, zvichienderana nekwakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kwekupedzisira.
Iwo chete akakosha akakosha zvinhu ndeye reactive polymer uye crosslinker. Nekudaro, mafirita, anosimudzira anosimudzira, asiri reactive (plasticizing) polymer uye catalysts anogara achiwedzerwa. Uye zvakare, zvimwe zvakawanda zvinowedzera zvinogona kushandiswa senge mavara paste, fungicides, murazvo-retardants, uye zvinosimbisa kupisa.
Basic Formulations
Yakajairwa oxime kuvaka kana DIY sealant kuumbwa kunotaridzika senge:
| % | ||
| Polydimethylsiloxane, OH yakaguma 50,000cps | 65.9 | Polymer |
| Polydimethylsiloxane, trimethylterminated,1000cps | 20 | Plasticizer |
| Methyltrioximinosilane | 5 | Crosslinker |
| Aminopropyltriethoxysilane | 1 | Adhesion promoter |
| 150 sq.m/g pamusoro nzvimbo fumed silica | 8 | Filler |
| Dibutyltin dilaurate | 0.1 | Catalyst |
| Total | 100 |
Zvinhu Zvenyama
Zvakajairika zvemuviri zvinosanganisira:
| Elongation (%) | 550 |
| Tensile Simba (MPa) | 1.9 |
| Modulus pa100 Elongation (MPa) | 0.4 |
| Shore A Hardness | 22 |
| Skin Nenguva (min) | 10 |
| Nguva Yemahara (min) | 60 |
| Nguva Yekukwenya (min) | 120 |
| Kuburikidza neCure (mm mumaawa makumi maviri nemana) | 2 |
Magadzirirwo anoshandisa mamwe macrosslinkers anozotaridzika akafanana zvichida akasiyana muyero yecrosslinker, mhando yekusimudzira adhesion uye kurapa zvinokonzeresa. Zvimiro zvavo zvemuviri zvinosiyana zvishoma kunze kwekunge macheni ekuwedzera achibatanidzwa. Mamwe masisitimu haagone kugadzirwa nyore kunze kwekunge chako ichizadza chako ichishandiswa. Aya marudzi ekugadzira zviri pachena kuti haagone kugadzirwa mumhando yakajeka kana inopenya.
Kugadzira Sealants
Pane 3 matanho ekugadzira chisimbiso chitsva.
1) Kubata pamuviri, kugadzirwa uye kuyedzwa mune lab-madiki mavhoriyamu
Pano, chemist yelab ine mazano matsva uye inowanzotanga nebatch yeruoko inosvika zana magiramu echisimbiso kuti uone kuti inorapa sei uye rudzi rwerabha rinogadzirwa. Iye zvino pane mutsva mutsva unowanikwa "The Hauschild Speed Mix" kubva kuFlackTek Inc. Iyi mishonga yakakosha yakanakira kusanganisa aya madiki madiki 100g mumasekondi uchidzinga mweya. Izvi zvakakosha sezvo ikozvino zvichibvumira mugadziri kuti anyatso kuyedza zvimiro zveaya mabhechi madiki. Fumed silica kana mamwe mafirita senge chaki anonaya anogona kusanganiswa musilicone mukati memasekonzi masere. De-airing inotora anenge 20-25 seconds. Muchina uyu unoshanda nenzira yehuviri asymmetric centrifuge meshini iyo inonyanya kushandisa zvimedu semaoko avo ekusanganisa. Hukuru hwekusanganisa saizi i100 magiramu uye akati wandei emhando dzemikombe dziripo dzinosanganisira kuraswa, zvinoreva kuti hapana kuchenesa.
Kiyi mukugadzirisa maitiro haisi chete marudzi ezvishandiso, asiwo kurongeka kwekuwedzera uye kusanganisa nguva. Nomuzvarirwo kubviswa kana kubviswa kwemhepo kwakakosha kubvumira chigadzirwa kuti chive nehupenyu hwesherufu, sezvo mabhuru emhepo ane unyoro izvo zvinozoita kuti chisimbiso chiporese kubva mukati.
Kana kemisiti awana rudzi rwechisimbiso chinodiwa kune yake chaiyo masikero kusvika kune 1 quart planetary mixer iyo inogona kuburitsa anenge 3-4 madiki 110 ml (3oz) machubhu. Izvi zvakaringana zvinhu zvekutanga kuyedza hupenyu hwesherufu uye bvunzo yekunamatira pamwe nezvimwe zvakakosha zvinodiwa.
Anobva aenda kumuchina 1 kana 2 galoni kugadzira 8-12 10 oz machubhu kuti awedzere kuyedzwa kwakadzama uye sampling yevatengi. Iyo sealant inoburitswa kubva mupoto kuburikidza nesimbi cylinder ichipinda mucartridge iyo inokwana pamusoro pehumburumbira yekurongedza. Kutevera bvunzo idzi, agadzirira kukwirisa.
2) Scale-up uye yakanaka tuning-yepakati mavhoriyamu
Mukukwira kumusoro, iyo lab kugadzirwa ikozvino yagadzirwa pamushini muhombe kazhinji muhuwandu hwe100-200kg kana chigubhu. Danho iri rine zvinangwa zvikuru zviviri
a) kuona kana paine shanduko yakakosha pakati peiyo 4 lb saizi uye iyi saizi yakakura iyo inogona kuguma nekusanganiswa uye kupararira mazinga, maitiro ekuita uye huwandu hwakasiyana hwesheer mumusanganiswa, uye
b) kugadzira zvinhu zvakakwana kuenzanisa vangangove vatengi uye kuwana chaiyo-pa-basa feed back.
Uyu muchina wemakumi mashanu emarita unobatsirawo zvakanyanya kune zvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri kana vhoriyamu yakaderera kana mavara akakosha uye inongoda dhiramu rimwe remhando yega yega inoda kugadzirwa panguva.
Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemichina yekusanganisa. Iwo maviri anonyanya kushandiswa ndeanosanganisa mapuraneti (sezvaratidzwa pamusoro) uye akanyanya-kumhanya anoparadzira. Nyika yakanaka kune yakakwirira viscosity musanganiswa nepo inoparadzira inoita zvirinani kunyanya mumasikirwo epasi anoyerera. Mune zvakajairwa zvisimbiso zvekuvaka, chero muchina unogona kushandiswa sekureba sekunge munhu achiteerera kusanganisa nguva uye inogona kupisa chizvarwa cheyakanyanya kumhanya disperser.
3) Yakazara chiyero chekugadzira huwandu
Kugadzirwa kwekupedzisira, kunogona kuve batch kana kuenderera, netarisiro inongoburitsa iyo yekupedzisira kuumbwa kubva pachiyero kumusoro nhanho. Kazhinji, huwandu hudiki (mabheji maviri kana matatu kana maawa 1-2 ekuenderera) kwezvinhu zvinogadzirwa kutanga mumidziyo yekugadzira uye inoongororwa isati yajairwa kugadzirwa.
Kuedza -Chii uye Sei Kuedza.
Chii
Physical Properties-Elongation, Tensile Simba uye Modulus
Kunamatira kune yakakodzera substrate
Sherufu Hupenyu-zvese zvakakurumidza uye nekudziya kwekamuri
Kurapa Rates-Ganda nekufamba kwenguva, Tack yemahara nguva, Kukwenya nguva uye Kuburikidza nekurapa, Colors Temperature Kugadzikana kana kugadzikana mumvura dzakasiyana semafuta.
Mukuwedzera, zvimwe zvakakosha zvivakwa zvinotariswa kana kucherechedzwa: kuenderana, kunhuhwirira kwakaderera, corrosivity uye chitarisiko chakazara.
Sei
Pepa re sealant rinobudiswa kunze uye rinosiiwa kuti ripore kwevhiki. Bhero rakakosha mbeveve rinozochekwa roiswa muTensile Tester kuyera zvimiro zvemuviri senge elongation, modulus uye kusimba kwesimba. Iwo anoshandiswawo kuyera adhesion / cohesion masimba pane akagadzirirwa masampuli. Rakareruka hongu-kwete bvunzo dzekunamatira dzinoitwa nekukweva mabheji ezvinhu zvakaporeswa pane substrates iri mubvunzo.
Shore-A mita inoyera kuoma kwerabha. Mudziyo uyu unoratidzika sehuremu uye geji ine poindi inodzvanya mumuenzaniso warapika. Iyo poindi yakawanda inopinda murabha, iyo rabha yakapfava uye inoderera kukosha. Iyo yakajairika yekuvaka sealant ichave iri muchikamu che15-35.
Ganda nekufamba kwenguva, nguva dzemahara uye zvimwe zvakakosha kuyerwa kweganda zvinogona kuitwa nemunwe kana nemapepa epurasitiki ane huremu. Nguva iyo plastiki isati yabviswa zvakachena inoyerwa.
Pasherefu yehupenyu, machubhu echisimbiso anochembera patembiricha yemumba (izvo zvinongotora gore 1 kuratidza hupenyu hwesherufu yegore) kana patembiricha yakakwira, ye50℃ kwemavhiki 1,3,5,7 zvichingodaro. Kutevera kuchembera process (chubhu inotenderwa kutonhora mune yakakurumidza kesi), zvinhu zvinoburitswa kubva muchubhu uye zvinodhonzwa mubepa kwazvinotenderwa kurapa. Hunhu hwerabha hwakaumbwa mumapepa aya hunoedzwa sepakutanga. Izvi zvivakwa zvinozoenzaniswa neizvo zvezvichangobva kusanganiswa zvinhu kuti zvione hupenyu hwakakodzera hwesherufu.
Tsananguro yakadzama yebvunzo zhinji inodiwa inogona kuwanikwa mubhuku reASTM.
Mamwe Mazano Okupedzisira
Imwe-chikamu silicones ndiyo yepamusoro mhando sealants inowanikwa. Ivo vane zvisingakwanisi uye kana zvakatemwa zvinodiwa zvinogona kugadzirwa zvakanyanya.
Chinhu chakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvese zvakasvibirira zvakawoma sezvinobvira, kuumbwa kwakagadzikana uye kuti mweya unobviswa mukugadzira.
Kugadzira uye kuyedza ndiyo nzira imwechete kune chero chikamu chisimbiso zvisinei nemhando-ingoita shuwa kuti watarisa zvese zvinogoneka zvivakwa usati watanga kugadzira huwandu hwekugadzira uye kuti une kunzwisisa kwakajeka kwezvinodiwa zvekushandisa.
Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa, iyo chaiyo yekurapa chemistry inogona kusarudzwa. Semuenzaniso, kana silicone yakasarudzwa uye kunhuhwirira, kuora uye kunamatira hazvionekwi zvakakosha asi mari shoma inodiwa, ipapo acetoxy ndiyo nzira yekuenda nayo. Nekudaro, kana simbi zvidimbu zvinogona kuve necorrod zvakabatanidzwa kana kunamatira kwakakosha kupurasitiki kuchidikanwa mune yakasarudzika inopenya ruvara saka unoda oxime.
[1] Dale Flackett. Silicon Compounds: Silanes uye Silicones [M]. Gelest Inc: 433-439
* Mufananidzo kubva kuOLIVIA Silicone Sealant
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-31-2024
