Kwete, izvi hazvizove zvinofinha, kutaura chokwadi - kunyanya kana uchida zvinhu zverabha zvinotambanudzwa. Kana ukaramba uchiverenga, uchawana zvese zvawaida kuziva nezveOne-Part Silicone Sealants.
1) Zvavari
2) Maitiro ekugadzira
3) Kwekushandisa kwadzo
Nhanganyaya
Chii chinonzi silicone sealant ine chikamu chimwe chete?
Kune mhando dzakawanda dzezvinonamira zvinoporesa mishonga - Silicone, Polyurethane nePolysulfide ndizvo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa. Zita iri rinobva pahwaro hwemamorekuru anobatanidzwa.
Mutsipa wesilicone ndewekuti:
Si – O – Si – O – Si – O – Si
Silicone yakagadziriswa tekinoroji itsva (kune dzimwe nguva muUS) uye zvinoreva kuti musana wemusana unorapwa nemakemikari e silane. Muenzaniso ialkoxysilane terminated polypropylene oxide.
Makemikari ese aya anogona kuva chikamu chimwe chete kana zviviri, izvo zviri pachena kuti zvine chekuita nehuwandu hwezvikamu zvaunoda kuti chinhu chacho chigadziriswe. Saka, chikamu chimwe chete chinongoreva kuvhura chubhu, katuriji kana pani uye zvinhu zvako zvichapora. Kazhinji, masisitimu aya echikamu chimwe chete anoita zvinoenderana nehunyoro mumhepo kuita rabha.
Saka, silicone ine chikamu chimwe chete inzira inogara yakagadzikana muchubhu kusvika, kana yapinda mumhepo, yapora yogadzira rabha yesilicone.
Zvakanakira
Chikamu chimwe chete chesilicone chine mabhenefiti akawanda akasiyana.
-Kana zvanyatsogadzirwa zvakanaka, zvinogara zvakanaka uye zvinobatirira zvakanaka uye zvine hunhu hwakanaka. Nguva yazvinogara musherufu (nguva yaunogona kuisiya muchubhu usati waishandisa) yegore rimwe chete yakajairika uye mamwe maformula anogara kwemakore mazhinji. Silicones dzinewo mashandiro akanaka kwenguva refu. Hunhu hwadzo hahuchinji nekufamba kwenguva pasina mhedzisiro kubva pakuratidzwa kweUV uye, pamusoro pezvo, dzinoratidza kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekupisa kupfuura kwemamwe ma sealant ne50℃.
-Chikamu chimwe chete chesilicone chinopora nekukurumidza, kazhinji ganda rinokura mukati memaminitsi mashanu kusvika gumi, robva rabuda mukati meawa imwe chete uye robva raita rabha rinonamira rakadzika nehafu yeinji mukati mezuva rimwe chete. Pamusoro pacho pane kutaridzika kwakanaka serabha.
-Sezvo zvichigona kupenya zvinova chinhu chakakosha pachazvo (kupenya ndiko kunonyanya kushandiswa), zviri nyore kuzvipenda kuti zvienderane neruvara chero rupi zvarwo.
Miganhu
MaSilicone ane zvipingamupinyi zviviri zvikuru.
1) Hazvigone kupendwa nependi yemvura - zvinogona kunetsa nependi yemvura.
2) Mushure mekugadziriswa, chivharo chinogona kuburitsa mamwe mapurasitiki ayo esilicone, ayo, kana achishandiswa mujoini yekuwedzera chivako, anogona kugadzira mavara asina kunaka pamucheto wejoini.
Ehe, nekuda kwehunhu hwekuva chikamu chimwe chete, hazvigoneke kuwana chikamu chakadzika nekukurumidza kuburikidza nekupora nekuti sisitimu inofanira kuita zvinoenderana nemhepo nekudaro ichipora kubva kumusoro zvichidzika. Kana ikanyatsojeka, masilicone haagone kushandiswa sechisimbiso chega mumahwindo egirazi anodzivirirwa nekuti. Kunyangwe akakosha pakudzivirira mvura yakawanda kupinda, utsi hwemvura hunopfuura zviri nyore nerabha resilicone rakagadzirwa zvichiita kuti maIG units aite mhute.
Nzvimbo dzeMusika uye Mashandisirwo
Masilicone ane chikamu chimwe chete anoshandiswa chero kupi zvako uye kwese, kusanganisira, zvichiodza mwoyo vamwe varidzi vezvivakwa, uko zvipingamupinyi zviviri zvataurwa pamusoro apa zvinokonzera matambudziko.
Misika yekuvaka neyekugadzira zvinhu ndiyo inonyanya kuunza huwandu hwakawanda ichiteverwa nemotokari, maindasitiri, zvemagetsi uye zvemuchadenga. Sezvinoita zvese zvinovhara, basa guru resilicones nderekunamatira nekuzadza mukaha uri pakati pezvinhu zviviri zvakafanana kana zvakasiyana kudzivirira mvura kana madhiragi kupinda. Dzimwe nguva musanganiswa hauchinji kunze kwekuita kuti ufambe zvakanaka uye wobva wava chivharo. Nzira yakanakisa yekusiyanisa pakati pechivharo, chinonamira nechivharo iri nyore. Chivharo chinonamira pakati pezvinhu zviviri nepo chivharo chinofukidza uye chinodzivirira chimwe chete nepo chinonamira chichichengetedza nzvimbo mbiri pamwe chete. Chivharo chinonamira chakafanana nechinamira kana chikashandiswa mugirazi rechimiro kana girazi rakaputirwa, zvisinei, chichiri kushanda kusimbisa zvinhu zviviri pamwe nekuzvichengeta pamwe chete.
Chemistry Yekutanga
Chinovhara chesilicone chisina kucheneswa chinowanzoita sechinovhara gobvu kana kirimu. Pachinosvikwa nemhepo, mapoka ekupedzisira esilicone polymer anochinja-chinja (anopindirana nemvura) obva abatana, achiburitsa mvura uye ogadzira cheni refu dzepolymer dzinoramba dzichipindirana kusvika paste yashanduka kuita rabha inoyevedza. Boka rinopindura riri kumagumo esilicone polymer rinobva muchikamu chakakosha chekugadzirwa (kunze kwepolymer pachayo) kureva crosslinker. Ndiyo crosslinker inopa sealant hunhu hwayo hunoshamisa kungave zvakananga sekunhuhwirira uye kupisa, kana zvisina kunanga zvakaita seruvara, kunamira, nezvimwewo nekuda kwezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa nemasisitimu chaiwo ecrosslinker akadai sefillers uye adhesion promoters. Kusarudza crosslinker yakakodzera ndiko kwakakosha pakusarudza hunhu hwekupedzisira hwesealant.
Mhando dzeKurapa
Kune masisitimu akasiyana-siyana ekurapa.
1) Acetoxy (kunhuhwirira kwevhiniga ine acidic)
2) Oxime
3) Alkoxy
4) Benzamide
5) Amine
6) Aminoxy
MaOximes, alkoxies uye benzamides (anonyanya kushandiswa muEurope) ndiwo anonzi masisitimu asina kusimba kana kuti asina acidic. Masisitimu eAmines neAminoxy ane hwema hweammonia uye anowanzo shandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzemotokari nemaindasitiri kana munzvimbo dzakatarwa dzekuvaka kunze.
Zvishandiso Zvisina Kugadzirwa
Mafomula ane zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvimwe zvacho zvinosarudzwa, zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwaunoda.
Zvinhu zvega zvakakosha zvikuru i reactive polymer ne crosslinker. Zvisinei, zvinozadza, zvinokurudzira kunamira, non reactive (plasticizing) polymer uye catalysts zvinowanzowedzerwa. Pamusoro pezvo, zvimwe zvinowedzera zvinogona kushandiswa zvakaita se color pastes, fungicides, flame-retardants, uye heat stabilizers.
Mafomu ekutanga
Kugadzirwa kweoxime kwakajairika kana kuti DIY sealant formula kuchaita seizvi:
| % | ||
| Polydimethylsiloxane, OH yapera 50,000cps | 65.9 | Polima |
| Polydimethylsiloxane, trimethyl yakagumiswa, 1000cps | 20 | Chinoisa purasitiki |
| Methyltrioximinosilane | 5 | Crosslinker |
| Aminopropyltriethoxysilane | 1 | Mutsigiri wekubatanidza |
| 150 sq.m/g nzvimbo yepamusoro yakafurwa nesimbi | 8 | Muzadzisi |
| Dibutyltin dilaurate | 0.1 | Chinogadzirisa |
| Huwandu | 100 |
Zvimiro zvemuviri
Hunhu hwepanyama hunowanzo sanganisira:
| Kureba (%) | 550 |
| Simba reKusimba (MPa) | 1.9 |
| Modulus pa 100 Elongation (MPa) | 0.4 |
| Kuoma kweGungwa | 22 |
| Ganda Nekufamba Kwenguva (min) | 10 |
| Nguva Yekusununguka (min) | 60 |
| Nguva Yekukwenya (min) | 120 |
| Kuburikidza neKurapa (mm mumaawa makumi maviri nemana) | 2 |
Mafomula anoshandisa mamwe ma crosslinkers achafanana pamwe nekusiyana padanho re crosslinker, rudzi rwe adhesion promoter uye curing catalysts. Hunhu hwavo hwepanyama hunosiyana zvishoma kunze kwekunge paine ma chain extenders. Mamwe masisitimu haagone kugadzirwa nyore kunze kwekunge pashandiswa chalk filler yakawanda. Zviri pachena kuti mhando idzi dzemafomula hadzigone kugadzirwa mumhando yakajeka kana inopenya.
Kugadzira Zvisimbiso
Kune matanho matatu ekugadzira chisimbiso chitsva.
1) Kubata pamuviri, kugadzirwa uye kuyedzwa murabhoritari - huwandu hushoma kwazvo
Pano, nyanzvi yemakemikari murabhoritari ine mazano matsva uye inowanzotanga neruoko rwesealant inosvika magiramu zana kuti ione kuti inorapa sei uye kuti rabha inogadzirwa sei. Iye zvino kune muchina mutsva unowanikwa "The Hauschild Speed Mix" kubva kuFlackTek Inc. Muchina uyu wakasarudzika wakanakira kusanganisa aya madiki e100g mumasekonzi uku uchiburitsa mweya. Izvi zvakakosha sezvo ikozvino zvichibvumira mugadziri kuti aedze hunhu hwemabheti madiki aya. Fumed silica kana zvimwe zvinozadza zvakaita sechaki dzakagadziriswa zvinogona kusanganiswa musilicone mumasekonzi masere. Kubvisa mhepo kunotora masekondi angangoita 20-25. Muchina uyu unoshanda nenzira ye dual asymmetric centrifuge mechanism iyo inoshandisa zvidimbu zvacho semaoko avo ekusanganisa. Saizi yepamusoro yemusanganiswa i100 magiramu uye mhando dzakasiyana dzemakapu dziripo kusanganisira dzinoraswa, zvinoreva kuti hapana kucheneswa zvachose.
Chinhu chikuru mukugadzirwa kwechinhu ichi hachisi mhando dzezvinhu chete, asiwo kurongeka kwenguva yekuwedzera nekusanganisa. Zviri pachena kuti kubvisa kana kubvisa mweya kwakakosha kuti chigadzirwa chigare kwenguva refu, sezvo mabubble emhepo ane hunyoro hunoita kuti chivharo chirare kubva mukati.
Kana chiremba wemakemikari awana rudzi rwechisimbiso chinodiwa pakushandisa kwake, chinokwanisa kusvika pamuchina we planetary mixer we 1 quart unogona kugadzira machubhu madiki e 110 ml (3oz). Izvi zvakakwana pakuedza kwekutanga uye bvunzo yekunamatira pamwe nezvimwe zvinodiwa zvakakosha.
Anogona kuenda kumuchina we 1 kana 2 gallon kuti agadzire machubhu e 8-12 10 oz kuti awane kuyedzwa kwakadzama uye kutorwa kwemasampuli evatengi. Chivharo chinoburitswa kubva muhari kuburikidza nesirinda yesimbi mu cartridge inokwana pamusoro pesirinda yekurongedza. Mushure mekuedzwa uku, anenge agadzirira kukwidziridzwa.
2) Kuwedzera nekugadziridza zvakanaka mavhoriyamu epakati
Pakukwira kwehuwandu, mushonga wekurabhoritari wava kugadzirwa pamuchina mukuru unowanzova pakati pe100-200kg kana kuti dhiramu. Danho iri rine zvinangwa zviviri zvikuru.
a) kuona kana paine shanduko huru pakati pehukuru hwe 4 lb nehukuru uhwu hukuru hunogona kukonzerwa nekusanganiswa nekupararira, huwandu hwekuita uye huwandu hwakasiyana hwechinhu chakazara mumusanganiswa, uye
b) kugadzira zvinhu zvakakwana zvekutsvaga vatengi vanogona kutenga uye kuwana mhinduro chaiyo kubasa.
Muchina uyu we50 gallon unobatsirawo zvikuru kune zvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri kana paine huwandu hushoma kana mavara akakosha anodiwa uye dhiramu rimwe chete remhando imwe neimwe ndiro rinoda kugadzirwa panguva imwe chete.
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemichina yekusanganisa. Miviri inonyanya kushandiswa ndeye planetary mixers (sezvakaratidzwa pamusoro) uye high-speed disperser. Planetary yakanaka kune viscous mixes yakawanda nepo disperser inoshanda zviri nani kunyanya mumasystem ane viscosity yakaderera. Muzvivharo zvekuvaka zvakajairika, chero muchina upi zvawo unogona kushandiswa chero bedzi munhu achinyatsoteerera nguva yekusanganisa uye mukana wekugadzira kupisa kwe disperser inokurumidza.
3) Huwandu hwekugadzirwa kwakazara
Kugadzirwa kwekupedzisira, kungave kwakawanda kana kuti kwakaramba kuripo, zvinotarisirwa kuti kunongoburitsawo fomura yekupedzisira kubva padanho rekuwedzera. Kazhinji, huwandu hushoma (2 kana 3 batches kana awa imwe kusvika mbiri dzenguva dzose) hwezvinhu zvinotanga zvagadzirwa mumidziyo yekugadzira uye zvinoongororwa usati watanga kugadzira zvakajairika.
Kuedza - Chii uye Maitiro Ekuedza.
Chii
Zvimiro zvemuviri - Kureba, Simba reKusimba uye Modulus
Kunamatira kune substrate yakakodzera
Hupenyu hwesherufu - zvese zvinokurumidza uye patembiricha yemukamuri
Kurapa Kweganda - Kurapa Ganda nekufamba kwenguva, Kubvisa ganda, Kukwenya uye Kurapa, Kupenda Tembiricha Kugadzikana kana kugadzikana mumvura dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai semafuta
Pamusoro pezvo, zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoongororwa kana kuonekwa: kugadzikana, kunhuwa kushoma, ngura uye chitarisiko chayo chose.
Sei?
Pepa rechisimbiso rinoburitswa rosiyiwa kuti riome kwevhiki. Bhero rakasiyana rinochekwa roiswa muTensile Tester kuti rione zvinhu zvakaita serefu, modulus uye simba rekudhonza. Rinoshandiswawo kuyera simba rekunamatira/kubatana pamienzaniso yakagadzirirwa. Miedzo iri nyore yekunamatira yehongu-kwete inoitwa nekudhonza mabheya echinhu chakanamirwa pamidziyo iri kutaurwa nezvayo.
Mita yeShore-A inoyera kuoma kwerabha. Mudziyo uyu unotaridzika sehuremu negeji ine poindi inodzvanywa mumuenzaniso wakagadzirwa. Poindi yacho inopinda murabha zvakanyanya, rabha inonyorova uye kukosha kwayo kunoderedza. Chivharo chekuvaka chakajairika chichava pakati pe15-35.
Ganda rinoitwa nguva nenguva, nguva dzisina kubatwa zvakanaka uye kumwe kuyerwa kweganda kwakakosha kunoitwa nemunwe kana nemapepa epurasitiki ane huremu. Nguva isati yabviswa purasitiki zvakanaka inoyerwa.
Kuti zvive nyore kushandisa, machubhu e sealant anochengetwa patembiricha yemumba (izvo zvinotora gore rimwe chete kuratidza kuti anogara kwenguva refu) kana patembiricha yakakwira, inowanzoita 50℃ kwemavhiki 1, 3, 5, 7 zvichingodaro. Mushure mekukwegura (chubhu inobvumirwa kutonhora muchikamu chinokurumidza), zvinhu zvinoburitswa kubva muchubhu zvoiswa mupepa pazvinobvumirwa kupora. Hunhu hwerabha inogadzirwa mumapepa aya hunoedzwa sezvaimboitwa. Hunhu uhwu hunoenzaniswa nehwezvinhu zvitsva zvakasanganiswa kuti zvionekwe kuti zvichagara kwenguva yakareba sei.
Tsananguro yakadzama yemiedzo yakawanda inodiwa inowanikwa mubhuku reASTM.
Mamwe Mazano Ekupedzisira
Masilicone ane chikamu chimwe chete ndiwo ma sealant emhando yepamusoro anowanikwa. Ane zvipingamupinyi uye kana paine zvinodiwa, anogona kugadzirwa zvakananga.
Zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvese zvakabikwa zvakaoma sezvinobvira, mushonga wacho wakasimba uye kuti mweya unobviswa panguva yekugadzira.
Kugadzira nekuyedza chinhu chimwe chete chinoitwa nechero chikamu chese chese chese pasinei nerudzi rwacho - ingova nechokwadi chekuti waongorora zvese zvinobvira usati watanga kugadzira huwandu hwekugadzira uye kuti wanzwisisa zvakajeka zvinodiwa nechirongwa chacho.
Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa pakushandisa, kemikari chaiyo yekurapa inogona kusarudzwa. Semuenzaniso, kana silicone ikasarudzwa uye kunhuwa, ngura uye kunamira zvisingaonekwe sezvakakosha asi mutengo wakaderera uchidikanwa, saka acetoxy ndiyo nzira yekushandisa. Zvisinei, kana zvikamu zvesimbi zvinogona kunge zvakanganiswa kana kunamira kwakakosha papurasitiki kuchidikanwa neruvara rwakasiyana rwekupenya saka unoda oxime.
[1] Dale Flackett. Silicon Compounds: Silane neSilicones [M]. Gelest Inc: 433-439
* Mufananidzo kubva kuna OLIVIA Silicone Sealant
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-31-2024
